Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Occupational Hygiene 2008-5109 9 3 2017 08 06 118 131 EN MONIREH KHADEM Professor assistant, Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran FARIDEH GOLBABAEI Professor, Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ABDOLRASOUL RAHMANI Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Larestan University of Medical Sciences, Fars, Iran 2017 07 03 2017 08 06 Chromium (VI) compounds are used in various industries like metal coatings, protective paints, dyes and pigments for their properties especially anti-corrosive ones. Exposure to Cr (VI) may induce cancer, and cause irritation or damage to the respiratory tract, eyes, and skin. In addition, it may lead to mutagenic, genotoxic, and reproductive effects on humans. Workers are often exposed to airborne Cr (VI) via the inhalation of dust, fume or mist. There are various procedures for Cr (VI) exposure assessment as part of risk characterization and implementing a monitoring program. Analysis of chromium in environmental or biological samples must be considered. Air sampling and chromium analysis by different instruments and techniques, biological monitoring by different procedures to detect biomarkers, investigation of carcinogenicity and genotoxicity mechanism, medical examinations, and occupational exposure limits in workplace air and biological matrices are the important factors to be considered in the risk assessment strategy of Cr (VI). The purpose of this article was to review the literature and provide useful information about different methods for environmental and biological monitoring of chromium (VI) in order to assess quantitatively the risk of exposure to this compound. https://ijoh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijoh/article/view/290 https://ijoh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijoh/article/download/290/388