Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Occupational Hygiene 2008-5109 11 1 2019 03 03 9 20 Manijeh Firoozi Department of Psychology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran 2019 04 09 2020 04 03 Firefighters are more facing to stressful situation than many other occupations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the way of firefighters’ respond to occupational stress, and to create a theoretical model for this response regarding the Iranian culture. In this qualitative study, grounded theory with a Glaser approach was applied. A purposeful sampling method was carried out on 28 firefighters at one of the major firehouses in Tehran. After collecting the data and identifying the pattern, the final result was re-backed to participants to redesign a pattern with minor refinements. The results showed that firefighters experience both stress and post-traumatic growth. These two phenomena compete with each other and the outcomes that the individual experiences are the result of this competition. When an individual selects a passive reaction, post-traumatic stress will be overcome, and post-traumatic growth will be prevailing when he tries to change the situations and negative emotions effortful. Interpersonal, cultural and organizational factors play an important role in overcoming stress or post-traumatic growth in firefighters. By designing interventions, this group can be guided to personal growth https://ijoh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijoh/article/view/385 https://ijoh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijoh/article/download/385/550