Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Occupational Hygiene 2008-5109 15 3 2025 08 30 49 56 Vida Rezaei-Hachesu Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Shadi Naderyan Fe’li Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Rajabali Hokmabadi Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran 2025 02 09 2025 04 07 Exposure to industrial, military, and other occupational noises can cause noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL), which poses significant health risks for workers but is also potentially preventable. Currently, there is no effective treatment for NIHL, as mammalian cochlear hair cells cannot regenerate once damaged. Therefore, preventing hair cell death or implementing early therapeutic intervention is essential for preserving hearing function. NIHL is a complex condition that results from multiple pathophysiological changes. Recent studies on cochlear cellular structures have revealed promising strategies for NIHL prevention through the development of protective pharmacological agents. Reduced cochlear blood flow, inflammation, and oxidative stress are recognized as key mechanisms contributing to NIHL, with oxidative stress playing a particularly critical role. This research aimed to investigate the link between oxidative stress and the onset of NIHL, as well as to explore the potential of endogenous and exogenous antioxidant defense mechanisms in its prevention. https://ijoh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijoh/article/view/672 https://ijoh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijoh/article/download/672/857