Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Occupational Hygiene 2008-5109 17 3 2026 06 08 198 206 Zahra Ghelichi Zaveh Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran AND Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran Zahra Zamanian Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran 2025 09 06 2025 10 04 Background: Given the increasing prevalence of modern artificial light sources and electronic displays in work environments, exposure to blue light has emerged as a significant environmental factor. Moreover, studies have demonstrated that blue light contributes to enhanced alertness and the improvement of cognitive functions, including selective attention. Methods: This narrative review was conducted with the aim of providing a synthesis of the existing scientific literature on the effects of blue-enriched light on selective attention. The study commenced with a search of PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and SID databases. The search was conducted by utilizing “blue light” or “short-wavelength light” and “attention” or “alertness” keywords from 2010 to June 2025. Results: By outlining the underlying physiological and neural mechanisms—particularly the role of ipRGCs and the melanopsin pigment—this study illustrates how blue light influences circadian rhythms, alertness, and cognitive performance. Empirical evidence consistently indicates that blue light can enhance alertness, reaction time, and performance on specific cognitive tasks such as working memory and sustained attention. However, its effects on memory and sleep remain variable, and inappropriate exposure, particularly during nighttime, may disrupt circadian rhythms and lead to adverse health outcomes. Conclusion: The strategic management of blue-enriched light in occupational environments holds potential for enhancing selective attention, improving overall cognitive performance, and contributing to a safer, more productive, and healthier workforce. Realizing this potential requires rigorous and ongoing scientific research, along with a comprehensive approach to workplace lighting that integrates both visual and non-visual biological considerations. https://ijoh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijoh/article/view/718 https://ijoh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijoh/article/download/718/883