Application of Microextraction Methods to Extract and Determine the Occupational Analytes from Urine Samples: A Brief Review
Abstract
Inexpensive and simple microextraction methods with high efficiency are highly recognized approaches for sample preparation in the analysis of pollutant compounds. Therefore, the present study was aimed to review the studies conducted by Iranian researchers on the use of microextraction methods to determine the occupational analytes from the urine sample. In the current review study, we used keywords, including microextraction, determine, extract, analytes, and urine samples among published articles by Iranian researchers from 2000 to 2019 in databases of Google Scholar, ISC, SID, Magiran, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Scopus. Then, the extracted articles during the past 20 years were categorized and analyzed according to the title, author name, publication year, study method, study type, and evaluation results. The results of reviewing the selected articles were discussed in terms of several topics. They included optimization of affecting factors method efficiency and extraction efficiency, optimization of parameters affecting extraction performance, application of the optimized method for real samples, and comparison of the proposed method with other procedures. The developed methods in the selected articles were found to be fast, simple, with minimum solvent consumption, short extraction time, and environmentally friendly that can be used as alternatives to conventional methods.
1. Barceló D. Occurrence, handling and chromatographic determination of pesticides in the aquatic environment. A review. Analyst. 1991; 116: 681-689.
2. de Fatima Alpendurada M. Solid-phase microextraction: a promising technique for sample preparation in environmental analysis. , J Chromatogr A. 2000; 889: 3-14.
3. Mitra S. Sample preparation techniques in analytical chemistry. John Wiley & Sons, Philadelphia, PA, USA, 2004.
4. Pinto MI, Sontag G, Bernardino R, Noronha J. Pesticides in water and the performance of the liquid-phase microextraction based techniques. A review. Microchem J. 2010; 96: 225-237.
5. Sarafraz-Yazdi A, Amiri A. Liquid-phase microextraction. TrAC Trend Anal Chem. 2010; 29:1-14.
6. Mohammadi A, Alizadeh N. Automated dynamic headspace organic solvent film microextraction for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene: renewable liquid film as a sampler by a programmable motor. J Chromatogr A. 2006; 1107: 19-28.
7. Heidari H, Shahtaheri S, Alimohammadi M, Rahimi-Froshani A, Golbabaei F. Optimization of Solid Phase Micro-Extraction (SPME) for Monitoring Occupational Exposure to Ethyl Benzene. Qom Univ Med Sci J. 2009; 3: 5-12. [In Persian].
8. Rezaee M, Assadi Y, Hosseini M-RM, Aghaee E, Ahmadi F, Berijani S. Determination of organic compounds in water using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction. J Chromatogr A. 2006; 1116: 1-9.
9. Jeannot MA, Cantwell FF. Solvent microextraction into a single drop. Anal Chem. 1996; 68: 2236-2240.
10. Amelin V, Lavrukhin D, Tret’yakov A. Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for the determination of herbicides of urea derivatives family in natural waters by HPLC. J Anal Chem. 2013; 68:822-30.
11. Mukdasai S, Thomas C, Srijaranai S. Two-step microextraction combined with high performance liquid chromatographic analysis of pyrethroids in water and vegetable samples. Talanta. 2014; 120:289-96.
12. Boonchiangma S, Ngeontae W, Srijaranai S. Determination of six pyrethroid insecticides in fruit juice samples using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction combined with high performance liquid chromatography. Talanta. 2012; 88:209-215.
13. Kataoka H. Automated sample preparation using in-tube solid-phase microextraction and its application–a review. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2002; 373: 31-45.
14. Rezaee M, Yamini Y, Faraji M. Evolution of dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction method. J Chromatogr A. 2010; 1217: 2342-2357.
15. Zare Sakhvidi M J, Bahrami A, Ghiasvand AR. Development of Solid Phase Microextraction for Determination of Carbon tetrachloride and Chloroform in Air by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. J Occup Hyg Eng. 2016; 3: 17-24. [In Persian].
16. Hyötyläinen T, Riekkola M-L. Sorbent-and liquid-phase microextraction techniques and membrane-assisted extraction in combination with gas chromatographic analysis: A review. Anal Chim Acta. 2008; 614: 27-37.
17. Sereshti H, Karimi M, Samadi S. Application of response surface method for optimization of dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction of water-soluble components of Rosa damascena Mill. Essential oil. J Chromatogr A. 2009; 1216: 198-204.
18. Rasyid MA, Salim M, Akil H, Ishak Z. Optimization of processing conditions via response surface methodology (RSM) of nonwoven flax fibre reinforced acrodur biocomposites. Procedia Chem. 2016; 19: 469-476.
19. Kolyaee N, Shahdousti P, Aghamohammadi M. Detemination of ofloxaxin using ultrasound-assisted emulsification microextraction by high performance liquid chromatoghraphy. J Appl Res Chem (JARC). 2017; 11(1): 79-86.
20. Hedari S. Effect Of Solvent In Preconcentration And Determination Of Cadmium In Saffron Samples By Dispersive Liquid- Liquid Micro Extraction Based On Solidification Of Floating Organic Drop-Uv-Vis Pectrophotometry. Saffron Agronomy Tech. 2013; 1(1): 93-106.
21. Jamaleddin Shahtaheri S, Ghamari F, Golbabaei F, Rahimi-Froushani A, Abdollahi M. Sample preparation followed by high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) analysis for monitoring muconic acid as a biomarker of occupational exposure to benzene. Int J Occup Saf Ergon. 2005; 11: 377-388.
22. Abdel-Rehim M. Microextraction by packed sorbent (MEPS): a tutorial. Anal Chim Acta. 2011; 701: 119-128.
23. Perestrelo R, Barros AS, Rocha SM, Câmara JS. Optimisation of solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry based methodology to establish the global volatile signature in pulp and skin of Vitis vinifera L. grape varieties. Talanta. 2011; 85: 1483-1493.
24. Pil-Bala B, Khandaghi J, Mogaddam MRA. Analysis of Endocrine-Disrupting Compounds from Cheese Samples Using Pressurized Liquid Extraction Combined with Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction Followed by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. Food Anal Methods. 2019; 12: 1604-1611.
25. Barfi B, Asghari A, Rajabi M. Ionic liquid-based single drop as a simple and efficient microextraction method for simultaneous determination of aminophenol isomers in human urine, hair dye and water samples using HPLC. Appl Chem. 2013; 8: 51-57.
26. Ugland HG, Krogh M, Rasmussen KE. Liquid-phase microextraction as a sample preparation technique prior to capillary gas chromatographic-determination of benzodiazepines in biological matrices. J Chrom B Biomed Sci Appl. 2000; 749: 85-92.
27. Haydari.H, Shahtaheri S, Alimohammadi M, Rahimi.A, Golbabaei F. Optimization of micro-extraction of ethyl Benzen in urine samples using solid-phase in occupational exposure assessment. J Qom Univ Med Sci. 2009; 3: 5-12. [In Persian].
28. Ramin M, Khadem M, Omidi F, Pourhosein M, Golbabaei F, Shahtaheri SJ. Optimization of dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction procedure for detecting chlorpyrifos in human urine samples. Med J Islam Repub Iran. 2019; 33:71.
29. Ramin M, Khadem M, Omidi F, Pourhosein M, Golbabaei F, Shahtaheri SJ. Development of Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction Procedure for Trace Determination of Malathion Pesticide in Urine Samples. Iran J Public Health. 2019; 48:1893.
30. Akramipour R, Golpayegani MR, Gheini S, Fattahi N. Speciation of organic/inorganic mercury and total mercury in blood samples using vortex assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction based on the freezing of deep eutectic solvent followed by GFAAS. Talanta. 2018; 186: 17-23.
31. Shahtaheri SJ, Heidari H, Golbabaei F, Alimohammadi M, Rahimi FA. Solid phase microextraction for trace analysis of urinary benzene in environmental monitoring. Iran J Environ Health Sci Eng. 2006; 3(3): 169-176.
32. Abdolhosseini S, Ghiasvand A, Heidari N. A high area, porous and resistant platinized stainless steel fiber coated by nanostructured polypyrrole for direct HS-SPME of nicotine in biological samples prior to GC-FID quantification. J Chrom B. 2017; 1061: 5-10.
33. Hadjmohammadi M, Ghambari H. Three-phase hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction of warfarin from human plasma and its determination by high-performance liquid chromatography. J Pharmaceut Biomed Anal. 2012; 61: 44-49.
34. Mohebbi A, Yaripour S, Farajzadeh MA, Mogaddam MRA. Combination of dispersive solid phase extraction and deep eutectic solvent–based air–assisted liquid–liquid microextraction followed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry as an efficient analytical method for the quantification of some tricyclic antidepressant drugs in biological fluids. J Chromatogr A. 2018; 1571: 84-93.
35. Dhooghe L, Mesia K, Kohtala E, Tona L, Pieters L, Vlietinck A, Apers S. Development and validation of an HPLC-method for the determination of alkaloids in the stem bark extract of Nauclea pobeguinii. Talanta. 2008; 76: 462-468.
36. Karami G, Shekarchi M, Khosrokhavar R. Validation of a HPLC method for detection and determination of lysinoalanine in infant formula. Iran J Nutr Sci Food Technol. 2016; 11: 137-146.
37. Space JS, Opio AM, Nickerson B, Jiang H, Dumont M, Berry M. Validation of a dissolution method with HPLC analysis for lasofoxifene tartrate low dose tablets. J Pharmaceut Biomed Anal. 2007; 44: 1064-1071.
38. Bae H, Jayaprakasha G, Jifon J, Patil BS. Extraction efficiency and validation of an HPLC method for flavonoid analysis in peppers. Food Chem. 2012; 130: 751-758.
39. Rasi H, AfsharMogaddam M, Khandaghi J. Application of a new extraction method coupled to high performance liquid chromatography for tetracyclines monitoring in cow milk. Food Sci Tech. 2021; 18: 339-349.
40. Rozet E, Ceccato A, Hubert C, Ziemons E, Oprean R, Rudaz S, Boulanger B, Hubert P. Analysis of recent pharmaceutical regulatory documents on analytical method validation. J Chromatogr A. 2007; 1158: 111-125.
41. Vial J, Jardy A. Experimental comparison of the different approaches to estimate LOD and LOQ of an HPLC method. Anal Chem. 1999; 71: 2672-2677.
42. De Beer D, Joubert E. Development of HPLC method for Cyclopia subternata phenolic compound analysis and application to other Cyclopia spp. J Food Compos Anal. 2010; 23: 289-297.
43. Vessman J, Stefan RI, Van Staden JF, Danzer K, Lindner W, Burns DT, Fajgelj A, Muller H. Selectivity in analytical chemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 2001). Pure Appl Chem. 2001;73: 1381-1386.
44. Barwick VJ, Bravo PP, Ellison SL, Engman J, Gjengedal EL, Lund U, Magnusson B, Müller H, Patriarca M, Pohl B, Robouch P, Sibbesen LP, Theodorsson E, Vanstapel F, Vercruysse I, Yılmaz AT, Ömeroğlu PY, Örnemark U. The Fitness for Purpose of Analytical Methods A Laboratory Guide to Method Validation and Related Topics Second edition. Comput Sci. 2014.
45. Mohammadzaheri R, Ansari Dogaheh M, Kazemipour M, Soltaninejad K. Optimization of a Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextration Method for Analysis of Chlorpyrifos in Urine Using the Chemometrics Method. Iran J Forensic Med. 2019; 25: 121-129.
46. Mohammadzaheri R, Ansari Dogaheh M, Kazemipour M, Soltaninejad K. Optimization of a Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextration Method for Analysis of Chlorpyrifos in Urine Using the Chemometrics Method. Iran J Forensic Med. 2019; 25: 121-129.
47. Kamgou S, Abdi k, Khadem M, Heidari M, Heravizadeh O, Daneyali A, Shahtaheri SJ. Development of expersive liquid liquid microextraction with the use of DLLME-SFOD for determining cadmium in urine samples. J Health Saf Work. 2020; 10(1): 72-86.
48. Soleimani E, Bahrami A, Afkhami A, Shahna FG. Selective determination of mandelic acid in urine using molecularly imprinted polymer in microextraction by packed sorbent. Arch Toxicol. 2018; 92: 213-222.
49. Rahimpoor R, Bahrami A, Nematollahi D, Shahna FG, Farhadian M. Application of zirconium-based metal–organic frameworks for micro-extraction by packed sorbent of urinary trans, trans-muconic acid. J Iran Chem Soc. 2020; 17: 2345-2358.
50. Soleimani E, Bahrami A, Afkhami A, Shahna FG. Determination of urinary trans, trans-muconic acid using molecularly imprinted polymer in microextraction by packed sorbent followed by liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. J Chromatogr B. 2017; 1061: 65-71.
51. Rahimpoor R, Bahrami A, Nematollahi D, Shahna FG, Farhadian M. Facile and sensitive determination of urinary mandelic acid by combination of metal organic frameworks with microextraction by packed sorbents. J Chromatogr B. 2019; 1114: 45-54.
52. Pirmohammadi Z, Bahrami A, Nematollahi D, Alizadeh S, Ghorbani Shahna F, Rahimpoor R. Determination of urinary methylhippuric acids using MIL‐53‐NH 2 (Al) metal–organic framework in microextraction by packed sorbent followed by HPLC–UV analysis. Biomed Chrom. 2020; 34: e4725.
53. Ghamari F, Bahrami A, Yamini Y, Shahna FG, Moghimbeigi A. Development of hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction method for determination of urinary trans, trans-muconic acid as a biomarker of benzene exposure. Anal Chem Insights. 2016; 11: S40177.
54. Behbahani M, Bagheri S, Omidi F, Amini MM. An amino-functionalized mesoporous silica (KIT-6) as a sorbent for dispersive and ultrasonication-assisted micro solid phase extraction of hippuric acid and methylhippuric acid, two biomarkers for toluene and xylene exposure. Microchim Acta. 2018; 185: 1-8.
55. Pourbakhshi Y, Bahramy AR, Shanha FG, Assari MJ, Tajik L, Farhadian M. Development of cold fiber head space solid-phase microextraction for analysis of 2, 5 hexandion in Urine. Chem Chem Technol. 2019; 4(13): 482-488.
56. Tajik L, Bahrami A, Ghiasvand A, Shahna FG. Determination of BTEX in urine samples using cooling/heating-assisted headspace solid-phase microextraction. Chem Paper. 2017; 71: 1829-1838.
57. Farhadi K, Maleki R, Tahmasebi R. Preparation of Al2O3/TiO2 composite sol–gel fiber for headspace solid‐phase microextraction of chlorinated organic solvents from urine. J Separ Sci. 2011; 34: 1669-1674.
58. Heidari H-R, Shahtaheri SJ, Golbabaei F, Alimohammadi M, Rahimi-Froushani A. Optimization of headspace solid phase microextraction procedure for trace analysis of toluene. Int J Occup Saf Ergon. 2008; 14: 395-405.
2. de Fatima Alpendurada M. Solid-phase microextraction: a promising technique for sample preparation in environmental analysis. , J Chromatogr A. 2000; 889: 3-14.
3. Mitra S. Sample preparation techniques in analytical chemistry. John Wiley & Sons, Philadelphia, PA, USA, 2004.
4. Pinto MI, Sontag G, Bernardino R, Noronha J. Pesticides in water and the performance of the liquid-phase microextraction based techniques. A review. Microchem J. 2010; 96: 225-237.
5. Sarafraz-Yazdi A, Amiri A. Liquid-phase microextraction. TrAC Trend Anal Chem. 2010; 29:1-14.
6. Mohammadi A, Alizadeh N. Automated dynamic headspace organic solvent film microextraction for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene: renewable liquid film as a sampler by a programmable motor. J Chromatogr A. 2006; 1107: 19-28.
7. Heidari H, Shahtaheri S, Alimohammadi M, Rahimi-Froshani A, Golbabaei F. Optimization of Solid Phase Micro-Extraction (SPME) for Monitoring Occupational Exposure to Ethyl Benzene. Qom Univ Med Sci J. 2009; 3: 5-12. [In Persian].
8. Rezaee M, Assadi Y, Hosseini M-RM, Aghaee E, Ahmadi F, Berijani S. Determination of organic compounds in water using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction. J Chromatogr A. 2006; 1116: 1-9.
9. Jeannot MA, Cantwell FF. Solvent microextraction into a single drop. Anal Chem. 1996; 68: 2236-2240.
10. Amelin V, Lavrukhin D, Tret’yakov A. Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for the determination of herbicides of urea derivatives family in natural waters by HPLC. J Anal Chem. 2013; 68:822-30.
11. Mukdasai S, Thomas C, Srijaranai S. Two-step microextraction combined with high performance liquid chromatographic analysis of pyrethroids in water and vegetable samples. Talanta. 2014; 120:289-96.
12. Boonchiangma S, Ngeontae W, Srijaranai S. Determination of six pyrethroid insecticides in fruit juice samples using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction combined with high performance liquid chromatography. Talanta. 2012; 88:209-215.
13. Kataoka H. Automated sample preparation using in-tube solid-phase microextraction and its application–a review. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2002; 373: 31-45.
14. Rezaee M, Yamini Y, Faraji M. Evolution of dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction method. J Chromatogr A. 2010; 1217: 2342-2357.
15. Zare Sakhvidi M J, Bahrami A, Ghiasvand AR. Development of Solid Phase Microextraction for Determination of Carbon tetrachloride and Chloroform in Air by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. J Occup Hyg Eng. 2016; 3: 17-24. [In Persian].
16. Hyötyläinen T, Riekkola M-L. Sorbent-and liquid-phase microextraction techniques and membrane-assisted extraction in combination with gas chromatographic analysis: A review. Anal Chim Acta. 2008; 614: 27-37.
17. Sereshti H, Karimi M, Samadi S. Application of response surface method for optimization of dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction of water-soluble components of Rosa damascena Mill. Essential oil. J Chromatogr A. 2009; 1216: 198-204.
18. Rasyid MA, Salim M, Akil H, Ishak Z. Optimization of processing conditions via response surface methodology (RSM) of nonwoven flax fibre reinforced acrodur biocomposites. Procedia Chem. 2016; 19: 469-476.
19. Kolyaee N, Shahdousti P, Aghamohammadi M. Detemination of ofloxaxin using ultrasound-assisted emulsification microextraction by high performance liquid chromatoghraphy. J Appl Res Chem (JARC). 2017; 11(1): 79-86.
20. Hedari S. Effect Of Solvent In Preconcentration And Determination Of Cadmium In Saffron Samples By Dispersive Liquid- Liquid Micro Extraction Based On Solidification Of Floating Organic Drop-Uv-Vis Pectrophotometry. Saffron Agronomy Tech. 2013; 1(1): 93-106.
21. Jamaleddin Shahtaheri S, Ghamari F, Golbabaei F, Rahimi-Froushani A, Abdollahi M. Sample preparation followed by high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) analysis for monitoring muconic acid as a biomarker of occupational exposure to benzene. Int J Occup Saf Ergon. 2005; 11: 377-388.
22. Abdel-Rehim M. Microextraction by packed sorbent (MEPS): a tutorial. Anal Chim Acta. 2011; 701: 119-128.
23. Perestrelo R, Barros AS, Rocha SM, Câmara JS. Optimisation of solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry based methodology to establish the global volatile signature in pulp and skin of Vitis vinifera L. grape varieties. Talanta. 2011; 85: 1483-1493.
24. Pil-Bala B, Khandaghi J, Mogaddam MRA. Analysis of Endocrine-Disrupting Compounds from Cheese Samples Using Pressurized Liquid Extraction Combined with Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction Followed by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. Food Anal Methods. 2019; 12: 1604-1611.
25. Barfi B, Asghari A, Rajabi M. Ionic liquid-based single drop as a simple and efficient microextraction method for simultaneous determination of aminophenol isomers in human urine, hair dye and water samples using HPLC. Appl Chem. 2013; 8: 51-57.
26. Ugland HG, Krogh M, Rasmussen KE. Liquid-phase microextraction as a sample preparation technique prior to capillary gas chromatographic-determination of benzodiazepines in biological matrices. J Chrom B Biomed Sci Appl. 2000; 749: 85-92.
27. Haydari.H, Shahtaheri S, Alimohammadi M, Rahimi.A, Golbabaei F. Optimization of micro-extraction of ethyl Benzen in urine samples using solid-phase in occupational exposure assessment. J Qom Univ Med Sci. 2009; 3: 5-12. [In Persian].
28. Ramin M, Khadem M, Omidi F, Pourhosein M, Golbabaei F, Shahtaheri SJ. Optimization of dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction procedure for detecting chlorpyrifos in human urine samples. Med J Islam Repub Iran. 2019; 33:71.
29. Ramin M, Khadem M, Omidi F, Pourhosein M, Golbabaei F, Shahtaheri SJ. Development of Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction Procedure for Trace Determination of Malathion Pesticide in Urine Samples. Iran J Public Health. 2019; 48:1893.
30. Akramipour R, Golpayegani MR, Gheini S, Fattahi N. Speciation of organic/inorganic mercury and total mercury in blood samples using vortex assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction based on the freezing of deep eutectic solvent followed by GFAAS. Talanta. 2018; 186: 17-23.
31. Shahtaheri SJ, Heidari H, Golbabaei F, Alimohammadi M, Rahimi FA. Solid phase microextraction for trace analysis of urinary benzene in environmental monitoring. Iran J Environ Health Sci Eng. 2006; 3(3): 169-176.
32. Abdolhosseini S, Ghiasvand A, Heidari N. A high area, porous and resistant platinized stainless steel fiber coated by nanostructured polypyrrole for direct HS-SPME of nicotine in biological samples prior to GC-FID quantification. J Chrom B. 2017; 1061: 5-10.
33. Hadjmohammadi M, Ghambari H. Three-phase hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction of warfarin from human plasma and its determination by high-performance liquid chromatography. J Pharmaceut Biomed Anal. 2012; 61: 44-49.
34. Mohebbi A, Yaripour S, Farajzadeh MA, Mogaddam MRA. Combination of dispersive solid phase extraction and deep eutectic solvent–based air–assisted liquid–liquid microextraction followed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry as an efficient analytical method for the quantification of some tricyclic antidepressant drugs in biological fluids. J Chromatogr A. 2018; 1571: 84-93.
35. Dhooghe L, Mesia K, Kohtala E, Tona L, Pieters L, Vlietinck A, Apers S. Development and validation of an HPLC-method for the determination of alkaloids in the stem bark extract of Nauclea pobeguinii. Talanta. 2008; 76: 462-468.
36. Karami G, Shekarchi M, Khosrokhavar R. Validation of a HPLC method for detection and determination of lysinoalanine in infant formula. Iran J Nutr Sci Food Technol. 2016; 11: 137-146.
37. Space JS, Opio AM, Nickerson B, Jiang H, Dumont M, Berry M. Validation of a dissolution method with HPLC analysis for lasofoxifene tartrate low dose tablets. J Pharmaceut Biomed Anal. 2007; 44: 1064-1071.
38. Bae H, Jayaprakasha G, Jifon J, Patil BS. Extraction efficiency and validation of an HPLC method for flavonoid analysis in peppers. Food Chem. 2012; 130: 751-758.
39. Rasi H, AfsharMogaddam M, Khandaghi J. Application of a new extraction method coupled to high performance liquid chromatography for tetracyclines monitoring in cow milk. Food Sci Tech. 2021; 18: 339-349.
40. Rozet E, Ceccato A, Hubert C, Ziemons E, Oprean R, Rudaz S, Boulanger B, Hubert P. Analysis of recent pharmaceutical regulatory documents on analytical method validation. J Chromatogr A. 2007; 1158: 111-125.
41. Vial J, Jardy A. Experimental comparison of the different approaches to estimate LOD and LOQ of an HPLC method. Anal Chem. 1999; 71: 2672-2677.
42. De Beer D, Joubert E. Development of HPLC method for Cyclopia subternata phenolic compound analysis and application to other Cyclopia spp. J Food Compos Anal. 2010; 23: 289-297.
43. Vessman J, Stefan RI, Van Staden JF, Danzer K, Lindner W, Burns DT, Fajgelj A, Muller H. Selectivity in analytical chemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 2001). Pure Appl Chem. 2001;73: 1381-1386.
44. Barwick VJ, Bravo PP, Ellison SL, Engman J, Gjengedal EL, Lund U, Magnusson B, Müller H, Patriarca M, Pohl B, Robouch P, Sibbesen LP, Theodorsson E, Vanstapel F, Vercruysse I, Yılmaz AT, Ömeroğlu PY, Örnemark U. The Fitness for Purpose of Analytical Methods A Laboratory Guide to Method Validation and Related Topics Second edition. Comput Sci. 2014.
45. Mohammadzaheri R, Ansari Dogaheh M, Kazemipour M, Soltaninejad K. Optimization of a Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextration Method for Analysis of Chlorpyrifos in Urine Using the Chemometrics Method. Iran J Forensic Med. 2019; 25: 121-129.
46. Mohammadzaheri R, Ansari Dogaheh M, Kazemipour M, Soltaninejad K. Optimization of a Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextration Method for Analysis of Chlorpyrifos in Urine Using the Chemometrics Method. Iran J Forensic Med. 2019; 25: 121-129.
47. Kamgou S, Abdi k, Khadem M, Heidari M, Heravizadeh O, Daneyali A, Shahtaheri SJ. Development of expersive liquid liquid microextraction with the use of DLLME-SFOD for determining cadmium in urine samples. J Health Saf Work. 2020; 10(1): 72-86.
48. Soleimani E, Bahrami A, Afkhami A, Shahna FG. Selective determination of mandelic acid in urine using molecularly imprinted polymer in microextraction by packed sorbent. Arch Toxicol. 2018; 92: 213-222.
49. Rahimpoor R, Bahrami A, Nematollahi D, Shahna FG, Farhadian M. Application of zirconium-based metal–organic frameworks for micro-extraction by packed sorbent of urinary trans, trans-muconic acid. J Iran Chem Soc. 2020; 17: 2345-2358.
50. Soleimani E, Bahrami A, Afkhami A, Shahna FG. Determination of urinary trans, trans-muconic acid using molecularly imprinted polymer in microextraction by packed sorbent followed by liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. J Chromatogr B. 2017; 1061: 65-71.
51. Rahimpoor R, Bahrami A, Nematollahi D, Shahna FG, Farhadian M. Facile and sensitive determination of urinary mandelic acid by combination of metal organic frameworks with microextraction by packed sorbents. J Chromatogr B. 2019; 1114: 45-54.
52. Pirmohammadi Z, Bahrami A, Nematollahi D, Alizadeh S, Ghorbani Shahna F, Rahimpoor R. Determination of urinary methylhippuric acids using MIL‐53‐NH 2 (Al) metal–organic framework in microextraction by packed sorbent followed by HPLC–UV analysis. Biomed Chrom. 2020; 34: e4725.
53. Ghamari F, Bahrami A, Yamini Y, Shahna FG, Moghimbeigi A. Development of hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction method for determination of urinary trans, trans-muconic acid as a biomarker of benzene exposure. Anal Chem Insights. 2016; 11: S40177.
54. Behbahani M, Bagheri S, Omidi F, Amini MM. An amino-functionalized mesoporous silica (KIT-6) as a sorbent for dispersive and ultrasonication-assisted micro solid phase extraction of hippuric acid and methylhippuric acid, two biomarkers for toluene and xylene exposure. Microchim Acta. 2018; 185: 1-8.
55. Pourbakhshi Y, Bahramy AR, Shanha FG, Assari MJ, Tajik L, Farhadian M. Development of cold fiber head space solid-phase microextraction for analysis of 2, 5 hexandion in Urine. Chem Chem Technol. 2019; 4(13): 482-488.
56. Tajik L, Bahrami A, Ghiasvand A, Shahna FG. Determination of BTEX in urine samples using cooling/heating-assisted headspace solid-phase microextraction. Chem Paper. 2017; 71: 1829-1838.
57. Farhadi K, Maleki R, Tahmasebi R. Preparation of Al2O3/TiO2 composite sol–gel fiber for headspace solid‐phase microextraction of chlorinated organic solvents from urine. J Separ Sci. 2011; 34: 1669-1674.
58. Heidari H-R, Shahtaheri SJ, Golbabaei F, Alimohammadi M, Rahimi-Froushani A. Optimization of headspace solid phase microextraction procedure for trace analysis of toluene. Int J Occup Saf Ergon. 2008; 14: 395-405.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 13 No 4 (2021) | |
| Section | Review Article(s) | |
| Published | 2021-12-30 | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/ijoh.v13i4.8430 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Microextraction Methods Extract and Determine Occupational Analytes Urine Samples Brief Review | ||
| Rights and permissions | |
|
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
How to Cite
1.
Taheri E, Dehghani F, Safarpour Khotbesara N, Kurd N. Application of Microextraction Methods to Extract and Determine the Occupational Analytes from Urine Samples: A Brief Review. Int J Occup Hyg. 2021;13(4):347-364.
